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11+ Comprehension

Your Game Plan

Comprehension is a game you can practise, just like free throws. Learn these plays, run them every time, and the points come.

READ MARK PROVE SHOOT
Coach's two big rules
RULE 1

Show me the line

Every answer needs proof. Put your finger on the sentence that proves it. If you can't find the line, it's not the answer.

Watch out: an option that just repeats a word from the passage is not proof. Check it means the same thing.

RULE 2

Read past the first clue

A great player doesn't stop after one pass. Keep reading to the end of that bit of the story.

Watch out: characters' feelings change. Someone who's happy in line 3 might be scared by line 6.

The plays, in order

Run these every time

Warm-up: read it once, fast

Read the whole passage first, in about 3 to 4 minutes. You're not memorising. You just want the big picture: who is in it, where they are, what happens, and how it feels.

Why? If you jump straight to the questions you end up reading the passage again and again, which wastes time.

Mark the court

As you read, lightly underline a few things:

  • names of people and places
  • time words, like later that night
  • feeling words, like disappointed or trembling
  • anything surprising or that changes direction, like but or suddenly

Only a few words per paragraph. It's a map to find answers fast, not colouring in.

Read the play: what kind of question is it?

Spot the type, then you know what to look for. The four main ones are below.

Show me the line

Go back to the passage and find the sentence that proves your answer. Write the line number next to the question if you can.

Answer from the passage, not from what you already know or what "sounds right".

Play defence on the options

Cross out the ones that are clearly wrong first. Usually you'll be left with two. Go back to the line to decide between them. Learn the traps below so you can block them.

Watch the shot clock

You have about a minute per question after reading. Stuck for longer than that? Take your best shot, mark the question, and move on. Come back at the end if there's time.

Never leave a blank. You miss 100% of the shots you don't take.

Know the plays

The four question types

Find it "What did Sam pick up?" The answer is written in the passage. Find the line.
Read between the lines "How does Sam feel?" "Why did she…?" Collect clues: actions, feelings, how people speak. Read past the first clue!
Word meaning "What does 'reluctant' mean here?" Swap each option into the sentence. Which one makes sense right there?
Writer's choice "Why does the writer use…?" Ask: what picture or feeling is the writer trying to give you?
Defence

Block these trap answers

The Copycat

Uses a word straight from the passage, but means something different. It looks familiar, so it feels right. Check the meaning, not just the word.

The Real-Life Guess

Sounds true in real life, but the passage never says it. If you can't show the line, block it.

The Air Ball

Goes too far. Words like always, never, everyone or completely often miss the target.

The First Clue

Right for the start of the story, but things changed later. Read on before you shoot.

Practice drill

Try it on court

Read the passage, then answer the questions. Tap an answer and check the replay to see the line that proves it.

After the game

Check the replay

Pros watch the replay after every game. After practice, look at each answer you got wrong and ask which of these it was:

Misread itI didn't read carefully, or stopped at the first clue.
Didn't know a wordAdd it to your word list and use it this week.
Fell for a trapWhich one? Copycat, Real-Life Guess, Air Ball or First Clue?

Pre-game checklist

Tick these off in your head before every comprehension.

Now go and win it.